戏剧演出艺术中观演关系的变化与发展
【中文摘要】 彼得?布鲁克对戏剧本质性的阐述告诉我们,“演员”和“观众”是构成戏剧的两个必要条件。布景、灯光、音响、服装、化妆等都是戏剧中非必要的成分,只有当演员在观众面前表演的时候才能称之为戏剧。换句话说,完整的戏剧演出就是建立观演关系。观和演是共生的也是对峙的,观演关系建立的优缺决定了戏剧演出呈现的成败。以往的舞台对“演”的关注较多却忽视了观众作用,而在现当代的舞台呈现中观众的作用愈来愈突出。观众决定着戏剧整体结构走向,因此观众问题是导演思维方式和剧作家戏剧创作的前提性问题。伴随着电影、电视、网络的发达,戏剧更应该发挥它的独特的亲临感受和参与互动性的魅力。因此,本文试图梳理戏剧演出中观演关系的发展规律以及总结观演关系的模式,提供舞台演出观演关系选择的可能性,并提出拓展观演关系实施的方式,在观演关系上寻求突破口,给演出带来创意,给观众带来新鲜的体验。

【英文摘要】 As it is explained by Peter Brook on the nature of drama,“Actor”and“Audience”are two crucial components of a drama, while stage scenery, lighting, sound effect, costume, makeup and other factors remain minor. The drama makes itself real only when actors perform in front of audience. In other words, a complete drama performance is to establish an actor-audience relationship. It is the completion of the actor-audience relationship establishment that is decisive in the presentation of a drama, in that actors and audience are in the dual position of co-existence and mutual confrontation.Formerly, drama focused much on“actor”but neglected the role audience played. However, nowadays, audience is more and more highlighted. The audience decides the overall structure and orientation of a drama. Therefore, the audience is the premise of director’s way of thinking and dramatist’s script writing.With the development of film industry, TV industry and Internet, drama should play a more active role u...更多niversally, in order to demonstrate its charm of immersed sense and interactive participation. In this dissertation, the writer trys to sort out the rule of the actor-audience relationship development, to conclude its mode, to propose the possible options of actor-audience relationship, and to put forward new methods to deepen the implementation of actor-audience relationship. Through the breakthrough in the actor-audience relationship establishment, the innovation of a drama performance can be realized and the audience can have a whole new experience. 

【中文关键词】 观演关系; 观演距离; 观演模式; 观众; 互动
【英文关键词】 actor-audience relationship; actor-audience distance; actor-audience mode; audience; interaction
  戏剧演出艺术中观演关系的变化与发展

中文摘要 3-4
Abstract 4
引言 6-7
一、戏剧演出及其元素 7-9
    1、戏剧的内涵 7-8
    2、戏剧的元素 8-9
二、戏剧舞台的观演关系 9-13
    1、舞台观演关系的特质 9-13
三、观演关系的演进和模式 13-22
    1、观演关系的变化演进 13-15
    2、观演距离 15-17
    3、观演关系的模式类型 17-22
四、观演关系的拓展 22-29
    1、舞台空间的拓展 23-24
    2、戏剧准备的拓展 24-27
    3、境遇创造 27-28
    4、观众培养 28-29
结语 29-30
参考文献 30-31
攻读学位期间公开发表的论文 31-32
致谢 32